Wednesday, May 27, 2020

Closing the great family business succession gap

In what has become no less than a family business endemic, some 50% of small to mid-sized business owners in North America report having no current plan for succession. This promises to perpetuate the unfortunate incidence of catastrophic value losses for many family businesses. And since family businesses have been responsible for 85% of all U.S. jobs created from 2000 onward, it could also be devastating for the entire U.S. economy. Business founders are implored to just let it go—to relinquish their clutch on the reins of power. They are also urged to professionalize and prepare the management ranks for the handoff. And they are warned of the risks and burdens that spouses may come to bear should calamity befall them. Yet, statistics show that these exhortations don’t seem to move the needle when it comes to prompting founders into right action. Notwithstanding their tenacious grip, some 88% of business owners—the most committed of whom are now studying Family Business at Hult—say they foresee their families carrying on the business five years and more downstream, as reported by the Family Business Institute. Some 88% of business owners say they foresee their families carrying on the business five years downstream. Falling into the reality gap In the chasm between these high expectations and the absence of a plan we trip and fall into the reality gap—the underlying cause for the prevailing succession gap. But the gaps don’t stop here.  The reality gap is a byproduct of the I’m-not-sure-what-to-do gap. Aren’t we all too familiar with that one? It’s the gap that suspends action. The one that leaves us stuck. And because matters of succession entangle the personal and emotional sides of family life with the operational and financial sides of the family business, yet another gap widens from deep within—the one at the core of all stuck-ness in the world. That is,  the I-don’t-want-to-talk-about-it gap. If a business founder is anxious about what life would be like after a transfer of power, or has doubts about the readiness (or appreciation) of the next generation, or is just plain vexed about the business in general but has somehow always managed to see it through by themselves, the compound chain of gaps can be disabling. And national statistics will continue to foreshadow the tale of those  unable or unwilling to act. If a business founder is anxious about what life would be like after a transfer of power,  the compound chain of gaps can be disabling. So when seasoned owners are urged to take immediate action, to name that successor, to put down the phone and back away from the big desk chair, and put a transition plan in motion, these demands appear before them like a mountain of emotional toil and risk. Suspended by the mountain, they become the 50%ers noted above—with business continuity threatened, and with family wealth exposed to a single stroke of bad luck. And the committed â€Å"next-gens,† like the Hult graduate students who are currently studying the art and science of Family Business, are the future leaders we risk never knowing. An indirect and gentler way to help business owners get unstuck Are present business founders and leaders to blame for their immobilization? After all, aren’t these the kind of people who start businesses, cope with uncertainty, and overcome obstacles? Or might we be wiser to put the onus on the same old solutions imposed upon them, and apply a different tack? Considering a less resistant path, we might ask:  What are business owners able to talk about with emotional ease?  Answer: The business. And:  What do business owners know how to do, in order to move the business forward?  Take planned, incremental, action. Finally: What do business owners readily seek when they need to take action?  Information. Altogether, this begs one big question for business advisers, like those of us at Newport Board Group who serve these owners:  Why not apply the insights that gap theory reveals and offer a path of least resistance that leverages all three? The unemotional, the actionable, and the informational. What follows are suggestions for how we might pave an un-stuck pathway to generating properly planned successions. Successions that prepare for unforeseen calamity, that keep the family moving conversationally in the direction of power-transfer readiness, that preserve hard-earned wealth, and that keep the business vital in continued service to the world. Our gap-closing algorithm: 1. Keep it out of the emotional cauldron Rather than prematurely name a successor, why not name a placeholder until a successor is ready? Who could the owner rely on to execute a set of pre-registered instructions for what to do with the business should the owner be separated from the action due to illness, death, or come-what-may?  Respected allies, business partners, long-standing board members are all viable options to consider for the interim executor. Would this not aid in fostering more patient and unemotional conversations with offspring or with wider members of the family as to who might be next, and what they may need to do to be ready? 2. Take small action in the direction of bigger action What would be the owner/leader’s instructions for the business should the worst occur? Sale or exit? Continue on? How would vendors, customers, and employees be informed and kept engaged? What is the 2-3 year vision for the business, based on current performance and the plans that are in place? Working with someone to produce this set of contingencies can make hills out of mountains, and be freeing and comforting for the leader of any family business. 3. Gather information about the business, and keep it coming What would someone with temporary executive custodianship need to know about the business to perform his or her assigned task? How could that knowledge be kept up-to-date until such time as a permanent successor is ready to be put in place? How might this objectively collected information also serve those who run the business today—and crisp up targets for tomorrow? Make information the enabler it can be for tomorrow’s business—today. In summary, the three keys to closing the great family business succession gap and for treating—less confrontationally—all the gaps that serve to block the path forward are: De-emotionalize the succession matter Take incremental action, not mountain-sized leaps Make information the enabler it can be for tomorrow’s business—today Business-focused, incremental, and informed actions  serve to free owners from being stuck and deal more gradually with succession, de-risking the hard-earned value of so many job-producing family businesses nationwide. And the path opens for Hult’s next-gen students to become this generation’s business leaders. Download a brochure  to find out how  Hult International Business School can help you to develop the leadership skills and entrepreneurial mindset needed to help your family business thrive for future generations. Hult offers a range of highly skills-focused and employability-driven business school programs including a range of MBA options and a comprehensive one year Masters in International Business. To find out more, take a look at our blog Should you choose a Master of International Business or MBA program? Download a brochure or get in touch today to find out how Hult can help you to learn about the business world, the future, and yourself. Hult Rotation offers you a chance to study in a truly global way. Our rotation program allows you to study and be immersed in some of the finest cities in the world. 📠¸: @jasminmanzano . Hult Rotation offers you a chance to study in a truly global way. Our rotation program allows you to study and be immersed in some of the finest cities in the world. 📠¸: @jasminmanzano . Each year, Hult seeks to enroll a talented and ambitious incoming class from all over the world. We look for diverse students with a wide range of experiences, perspectives, and interests—students who will thrive in our unique educational atmosphere. Are you ready for a truly global experience? 📠¸: @iambrunadiniz . Each year, Hult seeks to enroll a talented and ambitious incoming class from all over the world. We look for diverse students with a wide range of experiences, perspectives, and interests—students who will thrive in our unique educational atmosphere. Are you ready for a truly global experience? 📠¸: @iambrunadiniz . We’re excited to start 2020 on a ranking high! Hult is proud to have been placed #28 in Poets Quants 2020 rankings for Best Undergraduate Business Schools in the US. Taking a huge leap of 32 places from our 2019 position, we’re also very happy to have secured top positions in key categories like: life-changing experience, practicality of the degree, and global immersion. . With five global campuses, a student body of over 130 nationalities, and a learn-by-doing approach—Hult offers a student experience like no other. . We’re excited to start 2020 on a ranking high! Hult is proud to have been placed #28 in Poets Quants 2020 rankings for Best Undergraduate Business Schools in the US. Taking a huge leap of 32 places from our 2019 position, we’re also very happy to have secured top positions in key categories like: life-changing experience, practicality of the degree, and global immersion. . With five global campuses, a student body of over 130 nationalities, and a learn-by-doing approach—Hult offers a student experience like no other. . â€Å"I’m from an engineering background and needed a whole new skill set for the industry I wanted to switch to. I learned a lot about myself and how I deal with being out of my comfort zone. I learned both soft and hard skills, from how to work in very diverse teams to key accounting metrics and strategy. I was surprised by how weak I was at certain tasks in English or how strong I actually was in other areas. Hult gave me opportunities to try new things and meet people from places I never thought I would have friends. . My internship experiences gave me the chance to broaden my view of different cultures and different companies. I had the opportunity to work and live with people whose values differed from people in my home country. I thought that this would be difficult, but it gave me the chance to reflect on my own values and assess if they were a result of my home country environment or if they were intrinsically mine. . Diederick ter Kulve (@diederick.terkulve) Netherlands Masters in International Business . â€Å"I’m from an engineering background and needed a whole new skill set for the industry I wanted to switch to. I learned a lot about myself and how I deal with being out of my comfort zone. I learned both soft and hard skills, from how to work in very diverse teams to key accounting metrics and strategy. I was surprised by how weak I was at certain tasks in English or how strong I actually was in other areas. Hult gave me opportunities to try new things and meet people from places I never thought I would have friends. . My internship experiences gave me the chance to broaden my view of different cultures and different companies. I had the opportunity to work and live with people whose values differed from people in my home country. I thought that this would be difficult, but it gave me the chance to reflect on my own values and assess if they were a result of my home country environment or if they were intrinsically mine. . Diederick ter Kulve (@diederick.terkulve) Netherlands Masters in International Business . Say a big hello to our Bachelor of Business Administration program cover star, Elisa Orus Plana âÅ" ¨ . â€Å"I’m excited for the future—especially that I cant predict whats going to happen. Maybe Ill end up in Mexico working for a trading company or maybe in Africa, developing my own business. Everything is possible, and the options are constantly changing. I love the idea that Im never going to be stuck doing the same job until the end of my life if I dont want it to be like this. . Hult really supports me and my ambitions and truly believes that we deserve to be considered as professionals as well as students. Here, I get to express not just my opinions but all elements of myself. From my creative side with the Fashion Society to my finance and business sides in Trading Club and the Management Consulting Club. We get a different type of learning here. Not just essential knowledge and theory, but practical skills and mindset. The school is always evolving. We’re encouraged to innovate and to always look for new ways of doing traditional things. We learn how to be more confident and become aware of how we can impact our environment. The school aims to help you become a better version of yourself and to stand out from the crowd.â€Å" . Elisa Orus Plana French Bachelor of Business Administration Class of 2021 Say a big hello to our Bachelor of Business Administration program cover star, Elisa Orus Plana âÅ" ¨ . â€Å"I’m excited for the future—especially that I cant predict whats going to happen. Maybe Ill end up in Mexico working for a trading company or maybe in Africa, developing my own business. Everything is possible, and the options are constantly changing. I love the idea that Im never going to be stuck doing the same job until the end of my life if I dont want it to be like this. . Hult really supports me and my ambitions and truly believes that we deserve to be considered as professionals as well as students. Here, I get to express not just my opinions but all elements of myself. From my creative side with the Fashion Society to my finance and business sides in Trading Club and the Management Consulting Club. We get a different type of learning here. Not just essential knowledge and theory, but practical skills and mindset. The school is always evolving. We’re encouraged to innovate and to always look for new ways of doing traditional things. We learn how to be more confident and become aware of how we can impact our environment. The school aims to help you become a better version of yourself and to stand out from the crowd.â€Å" . Elisa Orus Plana French Bachelor of Business Administration Class of 2021"> During the final days of 2019, you probably reflected on what you’ve accomplished this year—and even this decade—and what you’d like to achieve in 2020. Let us know in the comments below. During the final days of 2019, you probably reflected on what you’ve accomplished this year—and even this decade—and what you’d like to achieve in 2020. Let us know in the comments below. â€Å"The first time we did group work on the program, I went head-to-head with a colleague. It taught me a lot about how I see people, how people see me, and how conflict can be resolved in a kind and productive way. The best feedback you get, when delivered constructively, is the most critical because it really feeds into how you lead. I’ve completely reversed my leadership style—the result is so much richer and more powerful when you lead from behind and lead with strength. . Studying in tandem with working, whilst challenging, gave me the perfect platform to directly apply learning concepts into my business environment, the competitive landscape, and the real-estate industry as a whole. When I started the program, I was very happy in my corporate role. But my courage and aspirations grew to the point that I took on a whole new direction. Having my career coach, Joanna, as a sounding board allowed me to really be strategic and get to know myself. She coached me thro ugh all the interviews, the research, and the questions. It went in parallel with what I was doing academically and after six months everything just clicked. . I went into the EMBA knowing I had nothing to lose and I’ve come out with everything. Great strength, global friends, amazing learning, mentors from professors, a job I love, and the knowledge that I can set my mind to achieve anything and with the right support and resources I’ll get there.† . Kashani Wijetunga British, New Zealand Sri Lankan Associate Director Senior Strategy Consultant CBRE EMBA Class of 2019 . â€Å"The first time we did group work on the program, I went head-to-head with a colleague. It taught me a lot about how I see people, how people see me, and how conflict can be resolved in a kind and productive way. The best feedback you get, when delivered constructively, is the most critical because it really feeds into how you lead. I’ve completely reversed my leadership style—the result is so much richer and more powerful when you lead from behind and lead with strength. . Studying in tandem with working, whilst challenging, gave me the perfect platform to directly apply learning concepts into my business environment, the competitive landscape, and the real-estate industry as a whole. When I started the program, I was very happy in my corporate role. But my courage and aspirations grew to the point that I took on a whole new direction. Having my career coach, Joanna, as a sounding board allowed me to really be strategic and get to know myself. She coached me thro ugh all the interviews, the research, and the questions. It went in parallel with what I was doing academically and after six months everything just clicked. . I went into the EMBA knowing I had nothing to lose and I’ve come out with everything. Great strength, global friends, amazing learning, mentors from professors, a job I love, and the knowledge that I can set my mind to achieve anything and with the right support and resources I’ll get there.† . Kashani Wijetunga British, New Zealand Sri Lankan Associate Director Senior Strategy Consultant CBRE EMBA Class of 2019 . â€Å"It was now or never. I knew that I’d have likely stayed in my neighborhood for years to come if I didn’t take this opportunity. I’d not lived or studied outside of the U.S. before. So I left my job as a global strategist at an advertising agency and moved halfway around the world. I’ve come back a more culturally aware, well-versed person. I’ve realized that everything is a learning experience and an opportunity for growth. Ill definitely carry this mindset with me into the future. Technology and social media allow us to be different people in several places at once. Im excited to see how I can establish myself in whatever city Ill be lucky enough to call home and still maintain deep connections with people all over the world. I’m inspired by my classmates every day. Hearing some of their life stories and how getting this degree fits into their greater mission has been very humbling. My biggest challenge has been finding the ‘right’ path for me. There have been rooms Ive felt like I shouldnt be in, but now Im proud to feel as though I truly belong, wherever I am.† . Dwayne Logan, Jnr. American MBA Class of 2019 . â€Å"It was now or never. I knew that I’d have likely stayed in my neighborhood for years to come if I didn’t take this opportunity. I’d not lived or studied outside of the U.S. before. So I left my job as a global strategist at an advertising agency and moved halfway around the world. I’ve come back a more culturally aware, well-versed person. I’ve realized that everything is a learning experience and an opportunity for growth. Ill definitely carry this mindset with me into the future. Technology and social media allow us to be different people in several places at once. Im excited to see how I can establish myself in whatever city Ill be lucky enough to call home and still maintain deep connections with people all over the world. I’m inspired by my classmates every day. Hearing some of their life stories and how getting this degree fits into their greater mission has been very humbling. My biggest challenge has been finding the ‘right’ path for me. There have been rooms Ive felt like I shouldnt be in, but now Im proud to feel as though I truly belong, wherever I am.† . Dwayne Logan, Jnr. American MBA Class of 2019 . Happy New Year, Hultians! . Happy New Year, Hultians! .

Saturday, May 16, 2020

The Presidency Of Richard Nixon - 1856 Words

During the 1970s, under President Richard Nixon, the people felt the first serious inflation since after World War II. Also under Nixon, a scandal of political sabotage caused fear and mistrust towards the government. The crises in the 1970s represented the first time in American history when the public perceived their government had fail them and it did through mistrust in the government, foreign crises, and a strong decline in the economy. Under the presidency of Richard Nixon, a wide-spread of fear within the public prevailed. From the reporters’ point of view many people working in the White House or having high standing political jobs in the government, many of them were afraid to tell the horrors they saw, and worked with. During the re-election time of Nixon, â€Å"his men† would do anything to get what they needed: â€Å"Following members of Democratic candidates’ families; assembling dossier of their personal lives; forging letters and distributing them under the candidates’ letterheads (Bernstein 143). â€Å"Stayin’ Alive† by Bee Gees, a trio of brothers who wrote and produced six consecutive Number One hits, and stayed on the top charts for six months (Eells). They describe how the people acted during the whole Watergate scandal. The lines: â€Å"I ll live to see another day. We can try to understand. The New York Times effect on man,† they tell of how people are literally just trying to stay alive during this time, and The New York Times revealed some of the dirty workShow MoreRelatedThe Nixon Library And The Library1198 Words   |  5 PagesThe Nixon Library is more than just a library alongside the deceased presidents’ name on the wall. The library seemed more like a museum that has sheltered audio and visual displays narrating Richard Nixon’s life throughout the years. The museum is located in the core of the residential city of Yorba Linda, California. The actual location of the l ibrary was undisputed when it was being created. It is located on the grounds of Nixon’s first home. The library opened its doors in 1990 as a privatelyRead MoreThe Decision That Cost Nixon s Presidential Legacy1221 Words   |  5 PagesPresident Richard Nixon left his legacy only referred as one thing, Watergate. This decision cost President Nixon not only is presidency but tainted his name forever as an American President. Nixon was quick to deny the allegation that he was involved in any activity at the Watergate hotel but reporters began to follow the trail of paper work the led them to Nixon. During Nixon’s speech on August 8, 1974, he used words like â€Å"some errors in judgment† and these words have stuck with Nixon until hisRead MorePresidents Of The Great Presidents828 Words   |  4 PagesImperial Presidency is when a president uses more power than the Constitution allows, and were able to avoid the checks and balances of our constitutional system. In this paper, I am going to explore three presidents who many feel were imperial presidents. While doing the research I was surprised how many great presidents had people make a case that they were an imperial president. For example, I read many articles about George Washington and Abraham Lincoln running imperial presidency. AbrahamRead MoreRichard Nixon begins off his memoir by explaining the times of his most, greatest failure in life.700 Words   |  3 PagesRichard Nixon begins off his memoir by explaining the times of his most, greatest failure in life. It describes the writings of his most important comings with Chou En-lai. His worst failure was having no source of communications, whatsoever with the country of China for at least 25 to 26 years. Nixon talks about both of the sides of his feelings with the significance of his greatest triumph. (Richard Nixon, pg 13, 343) He also goes through his life, previous to the Watergate event, in San ClementeRead MoreEssay about Richard Nixon1343 Words   |  6 PagesLARSEN//PD7 RICHARD NIXON 11/26 Richard Nixon; the name alone brings to mind terrible words along the lines of scandal and failure. Nixon was the 37th president of the United States. He was also the first and last president to resign from office. However, the scandals leading to Nixon’s resignation definitely overshadowed his humble beginnings and the accomplishments he made as president during the notorious decades of the Cold War. Richard Milhous Nixon was born to Francis and Hannah Nixon on JanuaryRead MoreRichard Nixon vs Ronald Reagan Essay examples726 Words   |  3 PagesReagan and Richard Nixon. They were both elected for two terms, but each of them was seen either in a positive light or a negative light. On television, Nixon said, â€Å"I am not a crook,† but that is what he is known for even today. Although, Reagan was the oldest president elected into office, in my opinion; he was the most prominent political figure serving his eight full years as President of the United States. We will look at Richard Nixon’s and Ronald Reagan’s life before presidency, their leadershipRead MoreEssay on I Am Not a Crook: The Watergate Scandal1561 Words   |  7 Pages The 37th President, Richard Milhous Nixon, marred the reputation of not only himself, but of every president after him. The Watergate Scandal was a major upheaval in the trust of a president. When it came to electing officials, President Nixon wasnt the best; he often elected corrupt officials. The Cambodian Campaign, which was ordered by Nixon, prolonged Americas involvement in the Vietnam War, which was driven by heavy anti-communist views, not with the best interest of America in mind.. UsingRead MoreRichard Nixon: Was He Truly Conservative? Essays1083 Words   |  5 Pagesthat Richard Nixon was elected as a conservative. He promised themes of â€Å"law and order† (Lecture 24, November 14), pandered to what he called the â€Å"silent majority† (Silent Majority Speech, 1969) and promised to end the unpopular Vietnam War, a product itself of liberal policies and ideals. He offered a sharp contrast in rhetoric between the soaring â€Å"we can do it all† language perpetuated by Kennedy and Johnson (Lecture 25, November 19). But how truly conservative was â€Å"Tricky Dick’s† presidency? DidRead MoreBiography of Richard Milhous Nixon Essay1194 Words   |  5 Pages Richard Milhous Nixon, a US President, resigned from office. Richard Nixon went through a lot of hard troubles to get to presidency to have to resign before he could finish his second term, even though he did some great deeds as president. Nixon despite his mistakes, made a great impact on the United States. Nixon’s childhood wasn’t the childhood one dreams of having. Nixon was born on January 9, 1913 on a lemon ranch in Yorba Linda, California. His parents were not wealthy which meant NixonRead MorePresident Richard Nixon s Speech850 Words   |  4 PagesPersuasion I strongly believe that Nixon s speech should be included in the argument chapter of the next edition of 40 model essay. On November 3, 1969, President Richard Nixon gave a televised address to the nation on his Vietnam War policy called â€Å"Vietnamization†. The speech, which Richard Nixon wrote himself, was given in response to a protest against the Vietnam War in cities across the nation. During his successful campaign for the presidency in 1968, Richard Nixon promised he had a secret plan

Wednesday, May 6, 2020

In What Ways does Malta Differ from the Classical Mixed...

In what ways does Malta differ from the classical mixed jurisdictions? If classical mixed jurisdictions are to be studied collectively, certain sub-groups would need to be taken into consideration. Some would be amalgamations of common and civil law, such as Scotland and Seychelles; some of religious law, civil law and common law, such as Israel; some others with a mix of the previously mentioned laws with a further addition of socialist law and tribal law such as Algeria; others, such as Hong Kong, that combine traditional Chinese law and socialist Chinese law, which itself embodies elements of the civilian tradition and so on. Other systems which have shifted from the socialist sphere to the more civilian tradition, such as Poland,†¦show more content†¦On the contrary such laws cover a far-reaching geographical range. These new branches of the law together with the cross-boundary implications of traditional branches of the law, foremost amongst which is Criminal Law, all pose new challenges to law-making. Such novel branches comprise the Law of Sustainable Development, Cultural Heritage Law, Environmental Law, ICT Law, Communications Law, Technology Law, Biolaw, Media Law, Intellectual Property Law, Gaming Law, Statistics Law, Electronic Commerce Law, Multimodal Transport Law, new aspects of Criminal Law such as Terrorism Law, Money Laundering Law, Trafficking in Persons, Drug Trafficking and so on. H.D. Hazeltines view Law is continuously moving and changing, since it is the nature of law to be restless. This happens in response to the pressure of the forces that arise in the inner life of the community or that penetrate from outside. Whenever a body of law comes into contact with other systems, it ceaces to preserve its native character intact and instead it takes on new colors of form and content derived from foreign law. As for Maltese law, it remains a distinct legal hybrid where both Anglo-American and continental legal traditions have arguable flourished alongside one another. Maltas relationship to other European mixes is complex. As with all mixed systems, Malta suggests the significant limitations of the traditional taxonomies ofShow MoreRelatedIct and Ebusiness Retail Industry88499 Words   |  354 Pageswhich might be made of the following information. The views expressed in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect those of the European Commission. Nothing in this report implies or expresses a warranty of any kind. Results from this report should only be used as guidelines as part of an overall strategy. For detailed advice on corporate planning, business processes and management, technology integration and legal or tax issues, the services of a professional should be obtainedRead MoreEurope Economic Crisis55278 Words   |  222 PagesISSN 0379-0991 Economic Crisis in Europe: Causes, Consequences and Responses EUROPEAN ECONOMY 7|2009 EUROPEAN COMMISSION The European Economy series contains important reports and communications from the Commission to the Council and the Parliament on the economic situation and developments, such as the Economic forecasts, the annual EU economy review and the Public ï ¬ nances in EMU report. Subscription terms are shown on the back cover and details on how to obtain the list of sales agentsRead MoreManagement Course: Mba−10 General Management215330 Words   |  862 Pageseconomic, social, and political churning, how will these driving factors be influenced by the brutally competitive global economy in which organizations do not have any particular geographic identity or travel under any particular national passport? What will be the effect of the rapid gyrations in markets that emphasize the difficulties that accounting practices face in determining true performance costs and that forecasting programs confront in establishing the economic determinants of corporate

Tuesday, May 5, 2020

A Case for Race-Based Admission in Higher Education free essay sample

A persuasive paper which supports race-based admissions to colleges and universities. The paper examines the Cheryl Hopwood case where a young white woman applied to the University of Texas Law School and was denied admission. The paper shows that four years later Hopwood, along with four other plaintiffs, filed a lawsuit against the University of Texas Law School for reverse discrimination. This paper provides specific reasons that support race-based admissions for colleges and universities. The paper points to the educational benefits students receive when they attended a diverse college. Another educational benefit to college students is that studies have shown that a diverse campus contributes to better academic outcomes. In 1999, Gurin conducted a study of the educational benefits of college students who attended a diverse college campuses. Gurin found that White students, as well as minority students, reported higher levels of diverse ideas and information (10). Gurin also found in his study that students from diverse college campuses were more likely to show growth in their active thinking processes (10). We will write a custom essay sample on A Case for Race-Based Admission in Higher Education or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page That is, college students from diverse campuses scored higher test scores in complex thinking and social thinking than those from a more homogeneous college campus. These students also had higher levels of intellectual engagement and motivation (21). Lastly, these students were more likely to aspire to go to graduate school (23). As seen in Gurins study, college students from diverse campuses gained educational benefits.